Throughout most of my career, I have focused on applications of electrical stimulation of nerves. I have worked in many therapy areas, including sensory substitution, restoration of function after spinal cord injury, restoration of swallowing function, gastric stimulation for obesity, and therapeutic stimulation for pain, especially headache. I have also performed basic research in sensory psychophysics, laryngeal neural control, speech production and perception, and headache physiology, among others. I am currently looking forward to discovering which new direction my career will take me.